White-Brown switching controls phenotypic plasticity and virulence of Candida auris
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The skin-tropic human fungal pathogen Candida auris can cause life-threatening infections of high mortality in healthcare settings. Clinical isolates display a pronounced heterogeneity in virulence traits, such as antifungal susceptibility, stress adaptation, and growth fitness. However, the mechanistic bases underlying intraspecies variations remain enigmatic. Here, we show that C. auris cell populations encompass multiple cell states that allow for reversible morphogenetic switching at high frequency, resulting in distinct White and Brown morphotypes. Further, we demonstrate that temperature and carbon source are key drivers of morphogenesis. White and Brown morphotypes show distinct phenotypes concerning stress tolerance, antifungal susceptibility, and fitness on murine skin. Our data reveal that morphogenesis engages both transcriptional activators, including Wor1, Msn4, Crz2, and Rca1, and the Efg1 repressor. Importantly, the stochastic conversion explains the extreme plasticity underlying adaptive virulence traits. The results allow for the exploration of the therapeutic potential of morphogenesis regulators in C. auris.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".