Preclinical assessment of the selective androgen receptor modulator <scp>RAD140</scp> to increase muscle mass and bone mineral density
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are important hypertrophic molecules that are potential treatments for many types of myopathy and osteopathy. This study aimed to determine if the SARM RAD140 had additive effects on muscle hypertrophy when combined with the functional overloading (FO) of the plantaris muscle. Male, Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 10 rats/group) were randomly selected into one of four treatment groups: (1) RAD140-FO, (2) RAD140-Control, (3) Vehicle-Control, or (4) Vehicle-FO. RAD140 groups received drugs through drinking water, and control groups received only Vehicle (methylcellulose). Standard rat chow and water were provided ad libitum. Muscle weights of the triceps-surae group and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) were measured. Muscle weight analysis showed a marked increase in RAD140-FO groups but was not statistically different from the Vehicle-FO group. CSA results indicated similar findings; however, RAD140-Control showed significantly elevated CSA compared to Vehicle-Control. The tibial microarchitecture was analyzed using micro computed tomography. RAD140 did not impact cortical or trabecular bone structural morphometric properties following 14 days of treatment. The data presented here show the potential of RAD140 to stimulate muscle hypertrophy in young healthy rats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".