Functional traits in arborescent Cactaceae: a guideline for their measurement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The need to understand the impacts of global change on ecosystems has driven interest in studying functional traits, which represent morphological, physiological, or phenological adaptations that determine the ecological performance of organisms. Although standardized methods exist for assessing functional traits in woody and herbaceous plants, protocols for arborescent cacti are still scarce. Cactaceae is a tropical American plant family that reaches high abundance in tropical dry ecosystems and encompasses a great diversity of form and size. Cacti perform fundamental ecosystem functions, are on the list of the most endangered plants globally and represent economically-impactful invasive species outside of the Americas. Here, we propose protocols to measure 12 functional traits in cacti, which are grouped into structural (two traits), morphological (seven traits), hydraulic–mechanical (two traits) and biophysical (one trait) categories, so as to complement ecological studies of plants and improve the understanding of their life cycle and the main environmental challenges faced by cacti.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.018 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".