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Record W4412942271 · doi:10.1093/jiplp/jpaf048

<i>Say goodbye to my little FRAND</i> : is the withdrawal of the European Commission’s Regulation on standard essential patents a missed opportunity or a dodged bullet?

2025· article· en· W4412942271 on OpenAlex
Naoise Gaffney, Pauline Grotz, Thore Leidecker

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicIntellectual Property and Patents
Canadian institutionsTrinity College
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCommissionEuropean commissionLaw and economicsBusinessLawPolitical scienceEconomicsInternational tradeEuropean union

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract The European Commission’s proposal for a Regulation on the licensing and enforcement of Standard Essential Patents (SEPs) aimed to revolutionize the global SEP licensing and enforcement landscape through a variety of interventionist measures. The proposal was widely welcomed in some quarters but roundly criticized in others, and it was ultimately withdrawn. This article examines the complexities of the current SEP licensing and enforcement landscape and the criticism that has been levied against the status quo. It goes on to assess the challenges that might have come with implementing key aspects of the proposed regulation, and the achievability of its stated objectives. It also considers the worldwide effect the regulation of this area of law might have had for patent owners, product manufacturers and small/medium sized enterprises and the broader implications for technological innovation and international regulatory harmony.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.013
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.882
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.013
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.076
GPT teacher head0.265
Teacher spread0.189 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it