Identification of individuals at higher risk of airway obstruction among workers in swine operations using polygenic risk scores
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Prior studies have investigated individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as risk factors for the development of lung disease in swine operation workers. The aim of this study was to determine the collective effects of multiple SNPs and a polygenic risk score (PRS) in swine operation workers and identify workers at a higher risk of airway disease. This study included 374 full-time swine operation workers and 411 non-farming rural residents. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) with 10-fold cross-validation was used to identify SNPs, which were used to calculate a PRS score for airway obstruction. Decision tree was applied to dichotomize the PRS score into two genetic susceptible groups (high vs. low). Logistic regression was employed to examine the association between dichotomous PRS score and airway obstruction. All workers were divided into two PRS genetic susceptible groups (high vs. low) by a cutoff value of 4.196. Logistic regression showed that workers in the high PRS group were 5.5-fold more likely to be associated with airway obstruction compared to workers in the low PRS group after controlling for potential confounders. A PRS score was identified as a useful tool in identifying workers at increased risk of airway obstruction in swine operations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".