Dynamic fates of dietary antigen-specific T helper cells in a model of early life oral tolerance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Dietary antigens are first encountered in the gut during early life, when the immune system and microbiota are still maturing. In healthy individuals, oral tolerance develops towards dietary antigens: an active process which results in local and systemic immune unresponsiveness to antigens first encountered in the gut. Despite a wealth of research describing mechanisms contributing to oral tolerance in adult rodent models, questions remain about how the early life environment impacts oral tolerance development. We set out to characterize the fate(s) of CD4 + T cells during oral tolerance development using a robust early life mouse model, where controlled oral doses of dietary antigen are given directly to pups during the pre-weaning period. Orally administering 2mg of ovalbumin (OVA) daily during the third week of life was sufficient to confer oral tolerance to OVA in female and male C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Following early life oral OVA exposure, a large proportion of OVA-specific CD4 + T cells acquired a Th2 phenotype, alongside some OVA-specific Tregs. Following systemic challenges of OVA with an adjuvant, both OVA-specific Tregs and Th lineage-negative cells expressing anergy markers were detectable in pups given early life oral OVA, while OVA-specific Th2 cells were suppressed in comparison to pups who never received early life oral OVA. These data highlight the diverse fates of CD4 + T cells during early life oral tolerance development and maintenance, and we present a model to study oral tolerance during the early life period when dietary antigens are first encountered.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".