Diversity of <i>tet</i>(L)-bearing plasmids found in Eastern Canadian <i>Staphylococcus hyicus</i> isolates from swine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Staphylococcus hyicus is the etiological agent of exudative epidermitis (EE) in suckling and weaned piglets, which is an endemic disease of concern for animal health and welfare on swine farms. Staphylococcus hyicus is not widely studied, and there is no recent scientific literature on Canadian strains. In a preliminary study, we presented an Eastern Canadian S. hyicus strain isolated from an EE case and bearing a plasmidic tet(L) gene conferring resistance to tetracyclines, one of the most commonly used antibiotics in Canadian swine farms. The current study characterized the tet(L)-bearing plasmids present in S. hyicus isolates from pigs in Eastern Canadian to better understand the potential vectors for this gene dissemination. Eleven S. hyicus isolates harboring tet(L) as the only tetracycline resistance gene were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology and analyzed. Eight different tet(L)-bearing plasmids were identified that share similarities with Staphylococcus aureus sequences available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Only one of the plasmids was present in more than one isolate and two isolates carried tet(L) on their chromosome. This suggests a high diversity of tet(L)-bearing plasmids in S. hyicus and the possible need to analyze swine farm samples over time to understand the dynamics of tet(L) in S. hyicus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".