The pseudogene RPS27AP5 expresses ubiquitin and ribosomal protein variants with potential roles in ribosome function
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pseudogenes, traditionally considered non-functional gene copies, have garnered attention due to emerging evidence of their transcription and translation. Ubiquitin is canonically expressed from UBA52 and RPS27A genes as fusion proteins, with additional polyubiquitin precursors encoded by UBB and UBC. Several pseudogenes of these loci are annotated as non-functional. Here, we report that the RPS27A pseudogene, RPS27AP5, expresses two proteins: a ubiquitin variant (UbP5) and a ribosomal protein variant (S27aP5). These proteins mature through cleavage and exhibit localization and biochemical characteristics similar to their parental counterparts. S27aP5 integrates into ribosomes, and its overexpression leads to an increased 80S monosome fraction. Using affinity purification and polysome profiling, we show that S27aP5-containing ribosomes exhibit altered mRNA associations. The findings suggest that RPS27A, a processed pseudogene, can give rise to a ribosomal protein variant capable of integrating into monosomes and influencing mRNA association aligns with growing evidence that ribosomes may exhibit functional diversity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".