Elevated plasma neurofilament light chain protein in alcohol use, anorexia nervosa, mania, psychosis and other acute psychiatric disorder presentations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Objective To investigate plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels across a range of acute psychiatric disorder presentations, and to determine whether elevations are specific to certain diagnoses. Methods We analysed biobanked lithium heparin plasma samples from 121 patients with acute psychiatric presentations (including mania, psychosis, alcohol use disorder, anorexia nervosa, depression, and adjustment disorder), and 59 healthy controls. NfL and GFAP were measured using Simoa assays. Group differences were compared via bootstrapped general linear models adjusted for age, sex, and weight. Results NfL was significantly elevated in alcohol use disorder, anorexia nervosa, mania, and psychosis compared to controls, but not in depression or adjustment disorder. GFAP was elevated only in alcohol use disorder. Conclusions Plasma NfL and GFAP are not uniformly elevated across psychiatric disorders. Elevations in specific acute disorders likely reflect underlying neuronal and astroglial injury. These results support nuanced, biologically grounded, diagnosis and stage-specific roles for these biomarkers in psychiatry. Statistical analysis conducted by: Dr Dhamidhu Eratne
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".