Inter-laboratory trial of a unified bioaccessibility testing procedure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This report describes the factual results of a unified bioaccessibility protocol undertaken as a part of the Environmental Geochemistry and Health project of the Environment and Health Programme of the British Geological Survey. In 2005 the Bioaccessibility Research Group of Europe (BARGE) undertook a joint decision to progress research in the field of in vitro bioaccessibility method development for the harmonisation of the use of bioaccessibility in human health risk assessment of contaminant soils in Europe. The progression took the form of combining their collective efforts to evaluate one in vitro method already in existence. The chosen method was that previously published by researchers at the Dutch Institute of Public Health, the RIVM, as this was considered to be most representative of the physiochemical conditions in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Modifications to the RIVM methodology to ensure adequate conservatism, and that the in vitro test was robust and applicable to the local geological conditions in a range of different countries, were considered and tested prior to the preparation of a standard operating procedure (SOP) and detailed at the start of the full evaluation exercise. Evaluation of the unified bioaccessibility method (UBM) was undertaken by means of an international inter-laboratory comparison exercise. The BARGE members with affiliated laboratories who participated in the exercise were; the Dutch Institute of Public Health (RIVM), DHI soil and water (Denmark), INERIS (France), the University of Ghent (Belgium), Ohio State University (USA), the Royal Military College of Canada (RMC) and the British Geological Survey (BGS). The BGS undertook the role, in the evaluation exercise, as the lead laboratory, and the subsequent analytical requirement for the measurement of the bioaccessible element content in each extract was undertaken by the BGS Analytical Geochemistry Laboratories (AGL). The inter-laboratory study used soils and related materials with associated in vivo swine data, donated by Professor Nick Basta of the School of Environment Natural Resources at Ohio State University and by Professor Stan Casteel of the College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Missouri. The materials under investigation include slag materials, soils, river sediments and house dusts containing the primary contaminants of concern, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). Main analytical performance characteristics of the bioaccessibility measurement (repeatability and reproducibility) were determined in the collaborative study using the procedure described in the ISO standard 5725-2.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.258 | 0.223 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".