The field’s boundary is not a line. It is a region.

Dissertation building a pulse-sequence compiler for NMR quantum computing; domain engineering.

This dissertation develops a compiler for quantum computing experiments rather than studying research practice.

NMR quantum-computing compiler dissertation; engineering/physics implementation, not metaresearch.

Digitized 1984 choral concert program; an archival performance item with no research content.

The record is a concert program rather than work about research.

Concert program listing; not scholarly research about research.

Veterinary oncology study of canine mammary tumors and BRCA polymorphisms.

The study investigates canine mammary tumors and genetic polymorphisms, not research itself.

Veterinary oncology study of canine mammary tumours and BRCA polymorphisms.

Overview of Environment Canada's mercury switch removal program for white goods; an environmental policy program, not research practice.

It concerns mercury environmental policy, not research as an object of study.

Environmental mercury-switch program overview; object is waste/pollution policy, not research practice.

Immunology study of plant-derived influenza virus-like particles.

The study examines immune responses to a vaccine candidate, not research itself.

Vaccine immunology of plant-derived influenza VLPs, domain biomedical science.

Space physics conference item on pulsating auroras and chorus waves.

It reports an aurora and chorus-wave observation at a Canadian location, not research practice.

Conference program note on aurora–chorus wave correlation; domain space physics, not research practice.

Master's thesis analyzing female stereotypes in popular Quebec cinema; film and gender studies, not a study of research.

The thesis studies gender stereotypes in Quebec cinema rather than research itself.

Cultural analysis of gender stereotypes in Quebec popular cinema, not research as object.

Collection of newspaper-style opinion columns on politics; not research.

The title alone indicates a miscellaneous collection, but the abstract is missing.

Title-only mixed political miscellany with no abstract; not identifiable as metaresearch.

Book review of a history of animation cinema in Quebec; a review of domain scholarship.

This is a review of a book on animation history and does not study research itself.

Notice/review of a book on Quebec animation cinema history; cultural history, not metaresearch.

Metallurgy of plutonium-aluminum alloy preparation.

It reports experimental preparation and characterization of plutonium-aluminum alloys.

Plutonium-aluminum alloy preparation for reactor fuel is nuclear materials science.

Production of recombinant antifreeze proteins in yeast; a biotechnology question, no abstract.

The title indicates protein-production research, not research practice, but the abstract is missing.

Thesis on recombinant antifreeze protein production in yeast; domain biotechnology, abstract missing.

Essay on the fairness of Swedish energy taxation; tax policy analysis, not research.

The essay analyzes Swedish energy taxation and tax justice rather than research practice.

Student essay on fairness of Swedish energy taxation; tax law and policy, not research practice.

Doctoral thesis on the neuropsychological profile of children with congenital heart disease; clinical psychology.

The dissertation concerns children's neuropsychological profiles in congenital heart disease.

Neuropsychology of preschoolers with congenital heart disease; clinical developmental assessment.

Genealogical birth record entry; no research content.

The record is a biographical archival entry, not a study of research itself.

Genealogical birth notice, not scholarly research content.

Labour economics evidence on youth unemployment and labour force behaviour in Canada and Ontario; the object is the labour market, and the indexed OpenAlex topic is spurious.

The title concerns unemployment and labor-force behavior rather than research itself.

Labour economics of youth unemployment in Canada and Ontario; labour markets, not the research system.

Political-ecology study of source-water protection in the Okanagan; environmental governance, not research governance.

This studies political and institutional factors in water protection, not the research system.

Political ecology of source-water protection in BC; water governance, not research or science studies.

Thesis applying sociological theories of the ghetto to Montreal-Nord; the object is urban marginality, with theory used as an explanatory tool.

It analyzes sociological theories of ghettoization and a Montreal neighborhood, not the research system.

Sociological thesis on ghettoization theories applied to Montréal-Nord; urban sociology, not science studies.

Street listing record with no scholarly content of any kind.

The record is a street listing for Toledo, Ohio, not a research study.

Street-address listing for Toledo, Ohio; not a scholarly study of research.

Thesis on separating milk caseins by electro-acidification; food science.

The record concerns dairy-protein separation and characterization.

Dairy casein separation by bipolar membrane electro-acidification; food science (no abstract).

Dissertation developing a standardized instrument to capture family members' perspectives on quality of life in long-term care; measurement development for a health-services construct, on the boundary with methods research.

It develops and validates a quality-of-life instrument for long-term care, not a research-methods object.

Develops a family quality-of-life instrument for long-term care; health services measurement, not metaresearch.

Development of a confined-space risk analysis tool for occupational health and safety.

This develops a workplace confined-space risk tool and does not study research practice.

Occupational safety tool for confined-space risk in industry, not the research system.

No abstract; title indicates a diplomatic-history chapter on a royal marriage, unrelated to research practice.

This historical chapter concerns political and diplomatic events, not research.

Political/diplomatic history of a royal marriage project; missing abstract but title is not about research.

Engineering dissertation on balanced mix design performance of hot-mix asphalt.

It evaluates asphalt mixture performance, not research practice.

Civil engineering performance tests of hot-mix asphalt for balanced mix design.

News item on a public safety agreement with Quebec; not research.

The sparse record describes a Quebec public-safety item without evidence that research itself is the object.

Brief public-safety news note; not about research practice.

Systematics and natural history dissertation on parasitic flies; taxonomy of a genus.

The dissertation studies millipede-parasitic flies, their taxonomy, ecology, and evolution.

Systematics and natural history of parasitoid flies is entomology taxonomy, not metaresearch.

Forward modeling and inversion of magnetic data; a geophysics methods contribution in its own domain.

The work develops geophysical modelling and inversion methods for Earth data, not methods of research generally.

Geophysical inversion of magnetic data for subsurface susceptibility; domain method development, not research methods.

Analysis of dark trading regulation in Islamic capital markets; financial regulation, not research.

The study concerns financial-market regulation and Islamic jurisprudence, not research practice.

Islamic capital-market regulation of dark trading; object is finance, not research.

Dissertation comparing gambling motivations among undergraduate students; the object is gambling behavior.

It studies gambling motivations among university students, not research practice.

Psychology study of gambling motivations among undergraduates; clinical/behavioural object, not research.

Dissertation on municipal intervention in Montreal residential development; urban policy, not research policy, with no abstract.

The title clearly concerns municipal residential development rather than research.

Dissertation on municipal residential development policy in Montreal; empty abstract, object is housing not research.

Conference paper on developing a geodatabase for seismic microzonation of Metropolitan Vancouver; a domain hazard-assessment data product rather than research infrastructure as an object of study.

It concerns a geodatabase for seismic microzonation, which is domain infrastructure rather than research infrastructure.

Title-only seismic microzonation geodatabase engineering for Vancouver; applied geoscience, not research systems.

Review of lunar exploration missions and technologies; a space-science and engineering survey.

This reviews lunar exploration, technologies, and settlement, not research practice.

Overview of lunar exploration missions and technologies; domain space science, not metaresearch.

French-language course material on citizen participation and urban biodiversity; no abstract, and the object appears to be environmental civic engagement, not research.

The title concerns a biodiversity participation course and the missing abstract provides insufficient evidence of a research object.

Title-only course material on citizen participation and urban biodiversity; not about research practice.

Study of radiation-induced cancer risk for female astronauts; a radiation-safety question.

It studies radiation-induced cancer risks for female astronauts, not research itself.

Title-only space radiation and cancer risk study; domain health/safety research, not metaresearch.

Essay on how information technology reshapes work autonomy and organizational regulation; the object is work, not research.

This examines organizational work transformations caused by information technology rather than research practice.

Sociology of work and digital organization; object is employment autonomy, not research.

Technical product listing for building joists; not research.

This report concerns construction joists and does not study research.

Product brochure for engineered wood joists.

Continuing-education module on menopause care; the object is clinical practice.

This educational module concerns menopause care rather than research practice.

Clinical teaching module on menopause care, not research methods or the research system.

Fisheries science estimating American Eel abundance trends across Canada.

This analyzes Canadian American eel population trends rather than the Canadian research system.

Ecology/conservation trend analysis of American eel abundance, not research practice.

Study of insect diapause strategy and pest populations; the abstract field contains only the words 'peer reviewed', a polysemy trap, and the object is entomology.

The title indicates an insect biology study, but the abstract is too thin to determine more about its genre.

Insect diapause/pest ecology title; abstract only says peer reviewed, a polysemy token not a study of peer review.

French article on marketing in the service of the city; the object is place marketing, not research.

The title concerns city marketing rather than research itself.

Title on city marketing with empty abstract; no indication the work studies research.

Archived audio recording of a public lecture; the payload gives no indication that research practice is the object.

The title and record do not establish that this recorded lecture studies research itself.

Archival audio of a public lecture recording; not a study of research practice.

Curatorial video essay on the view from Walter Scott's home at Abbotsford; literary heritage curation, not research.

It discusses curating a literary home and collections, not research itself.

Literary heritage commentary on the view from Abbotsford; curatorial/cultural, not research.

Conversation piece in a theatre review on clowning, care, and community; the object is performance practice.

The title indicates a conversation about clown care and community rather than research itself.

Conversation piece in a theatre journal with no abstract; no evidence the object is research itself.

Historical dissertation on family reproduction and inequality in colonial Canada; social history, not the research system.

The thesis studies family reproduction, social mobility, and inequality in Canadian history.

Social history of family reproduction and elite trajectories in colonial Quebec; Canadian society, not the research system.

Departmental plan of the National Research Council of Canada; a policy document about a Canadian research agency, mapped but not pooled.

This is a Canadian research institution's ministerial plan, a policy document mapped as contextual material.

Ministerial plan of the National Research Council of Canada is a policy/planning document on the Canadian research system, mapped not pooled.

Molecular physiology of phosphate cotransporter expression in pigs.

It measures phosphate transporter expression in pigs, not research practice.

Biomedical localization of phosphate cotransporters; physiology, not metaresearch.

Tests for chaotic dynamics in stock market indices; the 'validation' is of a market hypothesis, not of research methods.

This analyzes chaotic behavior in stock markets rather than the research system.

Econometric chaos analysis of stock indexes including Canada among many; finance, not research system.

Biophysics thesis on structure-function of Na+/glucose cotransporters.

This dissertation investigates molecular transporter structure and function, not research.

Biophysics dissertation on Na+/glucose cotransporter structure–function.

Book review of an interdisciplinary archaeology and paleoecology volume on Haida Gwaii; summarizes domain findings rather than studying research practice.

This is a review of a Canadian history and environment volume, not a study of research practice.

Book review of a Haida Gwaii history and environment volume; not about research practice.

Piece on student leadership in inclusive schools; K-12 education.

The work concerns student leadership and school inclusion, not research practice.

Education vignette on student leadership and school culture; not studying research practice.